What is the difference between hydrogen bond in the molecules in liquid state and hydrogen bond in the structu? and Bond Pass II

What is the difference between hydrogen bond in the molecules in liquid state and hydrogen bond in the structu?

What substances have hydrogen bond in the molecules in liquid state?
a.CF4
b.NH3
c.CHBr3
d.HCl

What molecules have hydrogen bond in their structure?
a.NH3
b.CH3COOH
c.HCl
d.H2

please help me...urgent...


Bond best answer:

Answer by rmjrenneboog
The question is asking you which materials have hydrogen bonds between different molecules and which have hydrogen bonds between different parts of the same molecule.
For the first one, remember that a hydrogen bond requires the presence of a polarized bond to a hydrogen atom. CF4 is out because it doesn't have any H atoms in it at all. But all of NH3, CHBr3 and HCl have polarized bonds to an H atom so that the H atom has positive charge character and another atom has negative charge character. You would therefore expect to observe hydrogen bonding, to different degrees, between the N-H of one NH3 and the lone pair on N in another NH3 molecule in the liquid; between the C-H of one CHBr3 and a Br atom on another CHBr3 molecule; and certainly between the H and the Cl of different HCl molecules in liquid HCl.

In the second case, only acetic acid is a large enough molecule to have internal hydrogen bonding, between the O-H hydrogen atom and the C=O oxygen atom. It is a bit more complicated than that, though, because carboxylic acids in general have a dimeric structure because two molecules can form two hydrogen bonds to each other in a very stable six-membered ring arrangement involving both of the COOH groups (that's why it is very difficult to produce mixed acid anhydrides, by the way...).

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