How can you tell if a molecule exhibits delocalized bonds?
I guess. what is a delocalized bond? and how do you know if a molecule has them?
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Answer by Lance
A delocalized bond is where a double bond is spread out over the molecule.
For example, when you draw benzene on paper, you might put down 3 double bonds and 3 single bonds. Looking at this, you would think that there are 2 types of bonding in benzene. Experimental data shows that there is only one type of bonding in benzene. The distance between carbon atoms in benzene is between single carbon carbon bonds and double carbon carbon bonds. It's as if the double bond is stretched and the single bond is shortened until there is no difference between them.
Anywhere a double bond is adjacent to an atom with a lone pair of electrons (or a double or triple bond), delocalization of the bond may occur. For example: carboxylic acids, esters, benzene, and lots more. Butadiene is an exception since it can rotate about the single bond easily. If the distance of the single bond is shortened and the double bond is lengthened, then delocalization has occured.
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PJ Bond @ Fest 10 - 10.28.11-4
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PJ Bond plays the Civic Media Center for Fest 10, Gainesville, FL, October 28, 2011.
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