How does the position of the electrons in covalent bonds correspond to the chemical energy of the bond?
How is the amount of chemical energy in a bind correspond to the position of the electrons in a bond?? Is it due to their distance(s) to the nucleus of the atom to which it belongs/ is being shared with?? I know chemical energy is a form of potential energy so if a bond is broken surely this energy is converted to heat energy and some kinetic energy as the electron is pulled closer to the nucleus. Would this be correct??
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Answer by Sam Saun
You are scrambling many different things, which are opposites of each other, together in this question. The potential energy of a bond is always more negative than that of the individual atoms, otherwise the bond is not stable and does not form. When stable bonds form, energy is released in the form of heat.
The stability of the bond arises from the interaction of the two nuclei and the two shared electrons. Initially as they get closer together the energy decreases, however at a certain distance, the Coulombic repulsion between the nuclei and the two electrons becomes too great and the energy goes up again. Under normal conditions, the average bond distance corresponds to the distance where the energy is at its lowest value.
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Bonding
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A bit of skin to skin bonding. Photo courtesy of Heidi
Orignal From: How does the position of the electrons in covalent bonds correspond to the chemical energy of the bond? and Bonding
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